令和6年秋の叙勲

令和6年秋の叙勲（消防関係）

　今年も9月14日から全7回の予定で、学生向けのジャーナリスト講座を開いています。メディアの世界をめざす学生のほかマスコミの問題に関心のある社会人にも参加し、東京の会場で開き、同時にオンラインで配信しています。　11月9日からは講座の後半に入ります。以下の日程で進みます。社会人は1回1200円と有料で恐縮ですが、ご検討いただけると、ありがたいです。詳細は下記をご覧ください。どうぞ宜しくお願い致します。メディアの世界をめざす学生向け、ＪＣＪジャーナリスト講座（会場参加もオンライ..

This post was written by Gowri Nayar, an EFF legal intern.

Imagine driving to get your nails done with your family and all of a sudden, you are pulled over by police officers for allegedly driving a stolen car. You are dragged out of the car and detained at gun point. So are your daughter, sister, and nieces. The police handcuff your family, even the children, and force everyone to lie face-down on the pavement, before eventually realizing that they made a mistake. This happened to Brittney Gilliam and her family on a warm Sunday in Aurora, Colorado, in August 2020.

And the error? The police officers who pulled them over were relying on information generated by automated license plate readers (ALPRs). These are high-speed, computer-controlled camera systems that automatically capture all license plate numbers that come into view, upload them to a central server, and compare them to a “hot list” of vehicles sought by police. The ALPR system told the police that Gilliam’s car had the same license plate number as a stolen vehicle. But the stolen vehicle was a motorcycle with Montana plates, while Gilliam’s vehicle was an SUV with Colorado plates.

Likewise, Denise Green had a frightening encounter with San Francisco police officers late one night in March of 2009. She had just dropped her sister off at a BART train station, when officers pulled her over because their ALPR indicated that she was driving a stolen vehicle. Multiple officers ordered her to exit her vehicle, at gun point, and kneel on the ground as she was handcuffed. It wasn’t until roughly 20 minutes later that the officers realized they had made an error and let her go.

Turns out that the ALPR had misread a ‘3’ as a ‘7’ on Green’s license plate. But what is even more egregious is that none of the officers bothered to double-check the ALPR tip before acting on it.

In both of these dangerous episodes, the motorists were Black.  ALPR technology can exacerbate our already discriminatory policing system, among other reasons because too many police officers react recklessly to information provided by these readers.

Wrongful detentions like these happen all over the country. In Atherton, California, police officers pulled over Jason Burkleo on his way to work, on suspicion of driving a stolen vehicle. They ordered him at gun point to lie on his stomach to be handcuffed, only to later realize that their license plate reader had misread an ‘H’ for an ‘M’. In Espanola, New Mexico, law enforcement officials detained Jaclynn Gonzales at gun point and placed her 12 year-old sister in the back of a patrol vehicle, before discovering that the reader had mistaken a ‘2’ for a ‘7’ on their license plates. One study found that ALPRs misread the state of 1-in-10 plates (not counting other reading errors).

Other wrongful stops result from police being negligent in maintaining ALPR databases. Contra Costa sheriff’s deputies detained Brian Hofer and his brother on Thanksgiving day in 2019, after an ALPR indicated his car was stolen. But the car had already been recovered. Police had failed to update the ALPR database to take this car off the “hot list” of stolen vehicles for officers to recover.

Police over-reliance on ALPR systems is also a problem. Detroit police knew that the vehicle used in a shooting was a Dodge Charger. Officers then used ALPR cameras to find the license plate numbers of all Dodge Chargers in the area around the time. One such car, observed fully two miles away from the shooting, was owned by Isoke Robinson.  Police arrived at her house and handcuffed her, placed her 2-year old son in the back of their patrol car, and impounded her car for three weeks. None of the officers even bothered to check her car’s fog lights, though the vehicle used for the  shooting had a missing fog light.

Officers have also abused ALPR databases to obtain information for their own personal gain, for example, to stalk an ex-wife. Sadly, officer abuse of police databases is a recurring problem.

Many people subjected to wrongful ALPR detentions are filing and winning lawsuits. The city of Aurora settled Brittney Gilliam’s lawsuit for $1.9 million. In Denise Green’s case, the city of San Francisco paid $495,000 for her seizure at gunpoint, constitutional injury, and severe emotional distress. Brian Hofer received a $49,500 settlement.

While the financial costs of such ALPR wrongful detentions are high, the social costs are much higher. Far from making our communities safer, ALPR systems repeatedly endanger the physical safety of innocent people subjected to wrongful detention by gun-wielding officers. They lead to more surveillance, more negligent law enforcement actions, and an environment of suspicion and fear.

Since 2012, EFF has been resisting the safety, privacy, and other threats of ALPR technology through public records requests, litigation, and legislative advocacy. You can learn more at our Street-Level Surveillance site.

令和6年秋の褒章

令和6年秋の褒章（消防関係）

１０月２５日、ブエノスアイレスの空港で二人のイタリア人とアルゼンチンの女性が出国を止められた。二人のイタリア人は、１０月１０日生まれた生後１５日の女児を連れてイタリアに帰るところだった。出国を止められた主な理由は、アルゼンチン人の女性にあった。彼女は、イタリア人カップルのために、代理母として女児を出産したからだ。

2024年10月30日に国連安保理では、西サハラ問題が討議される予定になっていました。　国際社会から殆ど忘れられた西サハラにとって、一年に一度の貴重な協議です。　が、安保理はガザ戦争とウクライナ戦争で忙しく、またしても時間をもらえず翌31日に回され、「また来年ネ」と、簡単に片づけられてしまいました。　こうして、西サハラ問題はモロッコの思惑通りズルズルと半世紀にもわたって、引き延ばされてきたのです。

　本書は著者と知己のあるガザで暮らすジャーナリストであり、研究者でもあるＭ氏による、昨年10月７日に起きたハマスの奇襲攻撃以来、ガザ社会で起きている現況報告が中心に据えられている。　昨年来のイスラエル軍のガザ攻撃については、報道による映像で、その一端はうかがい知ることができたが、本書は文章化された情報で、ガザの凄惨な様子を伝えている。　無慈悲ともいえるイスラエルのガザ攻撃で、この１年間に４万２千人のガザ住民が殺害された。その「地獄図」が迫力をもって伝えられる。食料品や医薬品の..